Unfortunately the QFileDialog does not have an interface to add your own widgets (ex. for a preview).

You can set your own QAbstractItemDelegate to render the items in the list with a preview.

I am not shure, if it is possible to add widgets to a Qt dialog by using the findChild<T> methods from QObject? That would worth a try.
The code may look something like this
Qt Code:
  1. filedialog->findChild<QGridLayout*>("name of layout")->addWidget(my_preview); // print the objectnames of all child objects to find out the name of the layout
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