I am using the latest Qt under Wine on my Linux box. (I know, there are other ways to do this, but this is the way that works for me.) I have noticed lately that the Qt debugger (Python gdb?) crashes when I try to do any debugging. That doesn't annoy me so much. I just put a bunch of qDebug()'s in the code and I can see what is going on.
Why on Earth would you choose to burden yourself with a whole raft of unrelated things that can go wrong under Wine when you have a perfectly good native Linux option?

I appreciate that you have told us that your insert doesn't work. You haven't told us what the debug output at line 59 is: often these things are useful.

At line 25, 73, and 82 of the cpp file you use "==" in a context expecting an SQL fragment. SQLite will accept "==" but the standard equality test operator in SQL is "=" so if you ever intend to use the code against a different backend you might like to change these.